1.2080 Cold work Steel | X210Cr12| D3

1.2080 Cold work Steel | X210Cr12| D3 product introduction

D3 steel is the American standard (AISI), and its counterpart X210Cr12, 1.2080 tool steel is the German standard (DIN/W-Nr). All three are high-carbon, high-chromium alexandrite cold work tool steel, with ultra-high wear resistance, high hardness and good dimensional stability as the core advantage, suitable for cold conditions under high stress tool manufacturing, suitable for high-precision, high-load cold tool manufacturing. Its multi-standard naming system (ASTM/DIN/GB) can meet the needs of different regional industrial chains, and is the preferred material for wear-resistant tools in the automotive, cutting tool and electronics industries.
As a leading manufacturer and supplier of alloy steel, tool steel, FCS Tool Steel Factory's D3, 1.2080, X210Cr12 tool steel undergoes stringent quality control during the production process. Each batch of material is certified for chemical composition, microstructure and mechanical properties to ensure consistent performance in critical tooling applications.
FCS Facyory offers D3, 1.2080, X210Cr12 tool steel tool steel that is precision manufactured to maintain optimum carbide distribution, providing superior edge retention in cutting applications and extended service life in high wear environments compared to standard grades available in the market.

1.2080 Cold work Steel | X210Cr12| D3 Product Types and Options

FCS TOOL STEEL, as a source factory of tool steel, has most of the tool steel grades in the market. Besides, we also have a large quantity of 1.2080 Cold work Steel, X210Cr12, D3 round steel and plate in stock. 1.2080 Cold work Steel, X210Cr12, D3 round steel is divided into hot rolled round and hot forged round; 1.2080 Cold work Steel, X210Cr12, D3 plate is divided into hot rolled plate and hot forged plate. The 1.2080 Cold work Steel, X210Cr12, D3 plate is divided into hot rolled plate and hot forged plate. Below is a detailed display of 1.2080 Cold work Steel, X210Cr12, D3 tool steel size range, surface condition and tolerance:

Shape	Pocess	Size range	Surface	Tolerance
Flat Bar	Hot Rolled	Thickness: 10-400mm Width: 200-800mm Length: 3000-5800mm	Black; Sandblasted	Thickness :0-+2MM Width:0-+5MM/0-+10MM
	Hot Forged	Thickness: 50-500mm Width: 50-1500mm Length: 3000-5800mm	Black	Thickness:+2-+5MM Width:0-+5MM/0-+10MM
			Turned/Machined/Milled/Bright	Thickness :0-+2MM Width:0-+5MM/0-+10MM
Round Bar	Hot Rolled	Diameter:10-65mm Length:3000-5800mm	Black	0-+2MM
			Turned/Machined	0-+2MM
	Hot Forged	Diameter:70-700mm Length:3000-5800mm	Grinded	0-+5MM/+2-+5MM
			Turned/Machined/Milled/Bright	0-+2MM

1.2080 Cold work Steel | X210Cr12| D3 Customized Options

1.  Customized chemical composition: GB, DIN, ASTM, JIS and other standard grades can be produced. Chemical composition can be customized individually.
2. Customized specifications: round steel (diameter), plate (thickness, width) can be customized production.
3. Specialized packaging for long term storage or extreme transportation conditions: includes spraying black paint all around, wrapping plastic film, spraying anti-rust oil, and shipping in wooden crates.
4. Customized production based on samples or technical agreements.
5. 1.2080, X210Cr12, D3 Cold work Steel Electroslag Remelting (ESR): premium option with higher purity and isotropic properties for critical applications.

1.2080 Cold work Steel | X210Cr12| D3 Chemical composition

Standard/Steel Grade		Chemical Composition(%)
		C	Si	Mn	Cr
DIN/W-Nr.	X153CrMo12/1.2080	1.9~2.20	0.10~0.40	0.15~0.45	11.0~12.0
ASTM	D3	2.0~2.35	0.10~0.60	0.20~0.60	11.0~13.5
JIS	SKD1	1.9~2.20	0.10~0.60	0.20~0.60	11.0~13.0

1.2080, X210Cr12, D3 work Steel heat treatment process

1.Annealing

Purpose: Elimination of processing stress, grain refinement, for quenching to provide a uniform organization
process parameters:

Steel Grade	Heating Temperature	Holding Time	Cooling Method	Annealed Hardness
D3	840-860°C	2-4 hours/25mm thickness	Furnace cooling to 700°C → slow cooling at 20°C/h to 500°C, then air cooling	≤229 HB
X210Cr12/1.2080	850-870°C	3-4 hours/25mm thickness	Isothermal annealing: 850°C → isothermal at 740°C for 4h → cooling at 30°C/h to 550°C, then air cooling	≤241 HB

2.Quenching

Aim: To obtain high hardness martensite + residual austenite + carbide organization process parameters:

Steel Grade	Preheating Temperature	Austenitizing Temperature	Holding Time	Cooling Method
D3	650°C × 2min/mm	980-1010°C	20-30min/25mm	Oil cooling (40-60°C high-speed quenching oil)
X210Cr12/1.2080	Segmented heating: 650°C → 850°C	1020-1050°C	15-25min/25mm	Step quenching: Hold in 260-300°C salt bath for 5min → Air cooling

Temperature selection:

D3: > 1000 ℃ easy grain coarsening (preferred 980-1000 ℃)
X210Cr12/1.2080: need to be ≥ 1020 ℃ to dissolve the M ₇ C ₃-type carbide

Cooling control:

thickness > 100mm workpiece using high-pressure gas quenching (6-10bar nitrogen) anti-cracking

3.Tempering

Purpose: to eliminate stress, regulate toughness, trigger secondary hardening
Process parameters:

Usage Scenario	Tempering Temperature	Holding Time	Cooling Method	Final Hardness
High-wear resistance molds	150-250°C	2-3 hours/25mm	Air cooling	60-64 HRC
Impact-resistant tools	400-450°C	2.5-3.5 hours	Air cooling	56-60 HRC
Secondary hardening peak	500-520°C	2 times × 2 hours	Air cooling	X210Cr12 can reach 62-63 HRC

4.Precautions

The heating process should control the rate of heating to avoid oxidization and decarburization of the surface of the workpiece due to too rapid a rise in temperature. Protective atmosphere heating can be used or placed in the furnace charcoal and other anti-decarburization agent.
When quenching and cooling, choose the appropriate cooling medium and cooling method according to the shape and size of the workpiece to ensure the quenching effect while reducing the risk of deformation and cracking.
Tempering must be sufficient to ensure the elimination of internal stresses to avoid mold failure due to stress release during use. For large molds or workpieces with complex shapes, multiple tempering can be used.

1.2080, X210Cr12, D3 Quality Inspection

1.Surface Condition Inspection

FCS factory has a very strict quality inspection team, we will carefully check the surface condition of each piece of tool steel to ensure that the steel surface is free from cracks, folds, knots, oxidized skin, pitting, scratches and other defects.

2.Chemical Composition Testing

To verify whether the content of alloying elements meets the standard requirements and to safeguard the basis of the mechanical properties of the material. We will let the staff use full-spectrum direct reading spectrometer to analyze multiple elements at the same time. Sampling needs to remove the surface oxidation layer, using a block specimen to stimulate the test.

3.Dimension and Tolerance Inspection

FCS factory will use professional measuring tools to inspect the dimensions and tolerances of the steel to ensure compliance with the customer's contract requirements. Corresponding gauges will be selected according to the dimensional accuracy requirements, including tape measure, high-precision vernier calipers (0.02mm), micrometers (0.001mm), and special inspection gauges. Inspection items cover: diameter, thickness, width, length, hole diameter, chamfering dimensions, etc., to ensure that the tolerances and dimensions meet the contract requirements.

4.Hardness test

Our FCS factory will use professional hardness tester to test the hardness of steel to ensure that it meets the customer's contract requirements.

5.Ultrasonic Testing

Ultrasonic Testing Standard (UT Test Standard) is: Sep 1921-84 Class3 D/d,E/e.
FCS factory uses ultrasonic testing equipment to detect macro defects inside the material (such as cracks, shrinkage holes, inclusions, white spots, etc.), and every piece of round steel and plate will be examined by a second flaw detection test before shipment to ensure that the quality is qualified before shipment.

6.Microstructure Inspection

(1) Metallographic Analysis

FCS factory will use metallographic analysis instrument to detect the microstructure state after heat treatment, including carbide distribution, martensite morphology, residual austenite content, etc.

 (2) Grain size ratingFCS factory will use the comparative method to determine the austenite grain size by comparing the microstructure of the specimen with the standard rating chart, to ensure that it meets the customer's requirements.

1.2080、X210Cr12、D3 work Steel Technical Specifications

Full Specification Sheet

Property	Specification	Test Method
Standard Designations	AISI D3, DIN 1.2080, X210Cr12, JIS SKD1	-
Density	7.70 g/cm³	ASTM B311
Annealed Hardness	210-255 HB	ASTM E10
Hardened Hardness	58-62 HRC	ASTM E18
Tensile Strength (Hardened)	720-780 MPa	ASTM E8
Elastic Modulus	210 GPa	ASTM E111
Thermal Conductivity	20 W/m·K	ASTM E1461
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion	10.5×10⁻⁶/K	ASTM E831
Grindability	Good	-
Polishability	Good	-

1.2080, X210Cr12, D3 Work Steel Product Applications

1.2080, X210Cr12, D3 Work Steel Key Application Scenarios

High Precision Cutting Dies

D3/1.2080 steel excels in high volume drop stock and stamping operations on materials up to 3mm thick. Its excellent wear resistance extends die life by 30-40% compared to conventional steels, especially when machining abrasive materials such as silicon or stainless steel. Our customers report that over 1 million strokes can be achieved using our premium grade D3 steel with proper heat treatment before regrinding.

Industrial Shear Blades

The high carbon and chromium content of X210Cr12 steel creates the perfect balance of hardness and wear resistance for industrial shear applications. Metal fabricators using our 1.2080 steel for shear blades report 2-3 times longer service intervals compared to standard tool steel. The material's ability to maintain a sharp edge significantly improves cut quality and reduces burr formation.

Injection Molds

For injection molds that process abrasive or glass-filled compounds, our D3 tool steel offers excellent resistance to erosive wear. Excellent dimensional stability during heat treatment ensures the accuracy of critical mold components, while good polishability allows for a high-quality surface finish. Molders report consistent performance and minimal maintenance, even after hundreds of thousands of molding cycles.

Industry-specific applications:

Automotive manufacturing: drop and punch dies for high-volume sheet stamping; precision molding tools for transmission components; high-load bearing guides and wear plates; wire roll dies for fastener production
Aerospace industry: tools for machining titanium and superalloys; precision measuring gauges requiring dimensional stability; specialized cutting tools for composites; and wear-resistant fixtures and tool holders

D3/1.2080/ Steel/X210Cr12 Competitive Advantage Table

Characteristics	FCS Factory's Premium D3/1.2080/ Steel/X210Cr12	Market Standard D3 Steel	General Tool Steel
Carbon Content	Precisely controlled	Fluctuates	Often below specification
Carbide Distribution	Uniform fine carbides	Inconsistent distribution	Coarse irregular carbides
Dimensional Stability	High stability	Moderate stability	Moderate stability
Hardness Consistency	High consistency	Fluctuates	Fluctuates
Edge Retention	3× standard tool life	Standard reference	0.7× standard tool life

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Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the maximum hardness that D3/1.2080/X210Cr12 steel can achieve?
A: Our D3 steel can be hardened to 60-62 HRC with proper heat treatment. The maximum actual hardness depends on the cross-section size, and thicker sections are usually 1-2 HRC lower than thinner sections due to hardenability limitations.
Q: How does D3 compare to D2 tool steels in cutting applications?
A: D3 (1.2080) has a higher carbon and usually higher chromium content than D2 (1.2379), resulting in excellent wear resistance but slightly lower toughness.D3 is the preferred choice for applications where abrasive wear is a primary concern, while D2 provides a better balance of wear resistance and toughness in applications where there is some impact loading.